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How I Learned Me My Writing - 1226 Words

Throughout my whole life, I really struggled with writing. Every time the English teacher gave the class an assignment to write an essay, I was always felt terrified because I never saw any improvements in my writing whenever I got my essays back from the teacher. However, I wanted to change that this year. Writing 101 has been a very interesting class this year, especially since the theme of the class was â€Å"tai chi on paper†. In this class, I learned many techniques that helped me improve my writing like I learned how to take time and revise my writing a lot before I turned in my final draft to my professor. One thing I really liked about my writing class this year was the fact that Professor Olufs had the class read each other’s essays. I think that was a huge step for me because I was always embarrassed by how I wrote my essays. But through this process of writing, it had taught me that it is very important to have your peers or your instructor to revise your essay before you turn it in. It honestly made a huge improvement in my writing because it is a great way to see what they think about your essay. Sometimes they can offer some good ideas on how to improve. Since it’s from a different perspective they are easily able to point my mistakes. Having someone revise your essay is a great technique to do even if you revised it yourself. For instance, in my essay #4 which was about on â€Å"how do you learn a new skill relating it to tai chi† I revised it so many times before IShow MoreRelatedMy First Time Making A Career Goal1516 Words   |  7 Pages2015 Lesson Learned To me, this semester has gone by pretty fast and during this semester, I learned so much in this course in a short period of time. I learned how to study different methods of writing and writing in different purposes. 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Another thing that I have gained in this class is stronger sense of vocabulary words. While writing these papers I have learned the variety of different papers there are. I have learned how to write these papers for future purposes so I will be successful in the long run. My goals as an improvingRead MoreA Leader Of My Writing1033 Words   |  5 PagesA Leader of My Writing As far as the connections are Greek life helped me understand different parts about my writing. Forcing myself out of my comfort zone, I learned to communicate better with other people and learned to have fun with others around me. My social life during high school is a complete 180 from what it is now. Greek life has aided me in realizing how my writing can be altered in a same fashion as my social life has matured. 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Credibility and Trustworthiness of Qualitative Research †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Credibility and Trustworthiness of Qualitative Research. Answer: Introduction: The participation rate of male and female employees in context of Taxi Drivers has been well defined in Australian Taxi Industry Association(ATIA, 2014). According to ATIA engagement of women in Taxi Driving Industries has decreased due to some social reasons but there are some cab service providing companies that are providing employment to females. This study will analyze the functionality of Uber Technologies Inc. which is one of the largest cab service provider companies(Week, 2018). Uber Technologies Inc. (Uber) is a technology start-up that provide services of sharing rides by enabling a link between individual service providers (drivers) with the help of an application. Business of Uber has extended its activities in more than 250 cities of 57 countries. Ubers more appraisable step is to employ female taxi drivers for riding services. Since womens safety is the major issue and while travelling by a taxi, it is more important to ensure that the driver of the taxi is trustable and well behaved. Along with this, considering female drivers also indicates a step towards women empowerment and changing of social attitudes. Uber is continuously looking for new ways to increase the participation of female drivers by providing better career opportunities and good working atmosphere(Uber, 2018) This Project aims at detailed and precise indicators on the employment of women as a Taxi Driver, and analysing the factors affecting the participation of female taxi drivers in Australia in comparison to male taxi drivers. Objectives of this project are(Ary, Jecobs, Irvine, Walker, 2018). To find out the current rate of female employees in the organization. To find out factors affecting the Participation of female taxi drivers. To examine the effects of increasing share of female taxi drivers. To frame strategies for increasing the womens share in the company. To precisely examine the factors affecting the women employment in cab services of Uber Technologies Inc. and to suggest strategies for increasing the share of female employees, this study has chosen mix methodology to cover all important aspects of the study(Bryman Bell, 2015). Literature Review- According to Booth, Sutton and papaioannou (2016) introducing female taxi drivers is one of the most admirable step towards women empowerment.(Booth, Sutton, Papaioannou, 2016). Further as per the view of Azoirn and Cameron (2010) this step was proved successful to an extent but not in desirable state (Azorin Cameron, 2010). Data collection- Secondary data for the research will be collected from authorised website and legal government sources. Sources of data will be official website of Uber Technologies Inc., reports of taxi association, journal articles and other reports (Cope, D.G., 2014). Interviews- to facilitate the results after analysing the secondary data, this case study will also involve the interviews of female taxi drivers and the superior authorities of the company. This information will also be helpful in finding the ways to increase the number of share of female employees at the workplace. It will also help in finding out the opinion of the service receiver or customers. A set of question will be prepared for sharing the feedback of customers with male and female taxi drivers(Taylor, Bogdan, Vault, 2015). As talked about the case, this study will majorly use secondary data sources from the Australian Taxi Industry Association and previous trends of Uber Technologies Inc. It will be easy to understand as well as quickly be available online. Specifically data based on working atmosphere of the company, rules regarding female employment, availability of required flexibility and facilities, remuneration policies and professional requirement will be collected from website and annual reports of the company. After collection of appropriate information related data, it will be crossed checked with the current figures and scenarios with the help of current news published on its website. After cross-checking all information such as facility structure, measures of safety at workplace, organizational characteristics in context to female employment will be organized and then relation among the same will be analyzed on the basis of correlation analysis(Silverman, 2016). References Ary, D., Jecobs, L. C., Irvine, C. K., Walker, D. (2018). Introduction to Research in Education. Cengage Learning. Retrieved April 3, 2018 ATIA. (2014, December). Taxi Statistics. Retrieved April 3, 2018, from Australian Taxi Industry Association: to Australian Taxi Industry Association Azorin, M. J., Cameron, R. (2010). The Application of Mixed Methods in Organisational Research: A Literature Review. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 8(2), 95-105. Retrieved April 3, 2018 Booth, A., Sutton, A., Papaioannou, D. (2016). Systematic Approaches to a Successful Literature Review (2nd ed.). Sage Publications Ltd. Retrieved April 3, 2018 Bryman, A., Bell, E. (2015). Business Research Methods (4th ed.). Oxford University Press. Retrieved April 3, 2018 Cope, D. G. (2014, January). Methods and meanings: credibility and trustworthiness of qualitative research. InOncology nursing forum(Vol. 41, No. 1) Silverman, D. (2016). Qualitative Research (4th ed.). Sage Publications l. Retrieved April 3, 2018 Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., Vault, M. D. (2015). Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods: A Guidebook and Resource (Vol. 2). John Wiley Sons. Retrieved April 3, 2018 Uber. (2018). Driver-partner requirements. Retrieved April 3, 2018, from https://www.uber.com/en-AU/drive/requirements/ Week, B. B. (2018). Company Overview of Uber Technologies, Inc. Retrieved April 3, 2018, from https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=144524848

The Beer Process Essay Example For Students

The Beer Process Essay The dried grain kernels need to absorb moisture in the softening House so that the barley can germinate. This process takes 50 hours. Throughout this time the barley is aired and washed using pumps. Through the water separator, the barely dives as the brewers like to say into the softening vat. Round softening vats and water separation prepare the grain during the even and slow insertion of the barley. (Picture 2/3). In every beer, the most important ingredient is malt. Bottom fermenting beers uses barley malt, while top fermenting beers allow the use of other malts. For example, in addition to barley malt, wheat malt will be used. In Athenian Brewery S.A, special malting and brewing barley types have been germinated and cultivated. Important to the barley cultivators are full kernel, fine spelt (husks) and rich enzyme content. Most beer barley types have a lower yield than the barley that feeds animals. With their special ingredients, though, they reach a high yield during fermentation and add to beers noble taste. We will write a custom essay on The Beer Process specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now From Barley comes â€Å"Green Malt†Raw barley is not ready to be used in brewing. In order to unlock the hidden ingredients, it needs to be malted. To do this the barley, after being cleaned and sorted, is soaked for two or three days in a large vat full of water, where they swell and then begin to germinate. Germination enhancing chemicals are forbidden. The barley kernels soak up water quickly at the beginning, and then more slowly during the soak. With the proper temperatures and rich amounts of oxygen, the barley begins to germinate. Finally the barley is laid out for five days to germinate. With the right amount of air, it becomes green maltIn order to stop the germination, the malt is kiln-dried under high temperatures. Moisture, Temperature and the length of the drying process determine if light or dark malt (and with it the ingredients for lighter and darker beer styles) will be made and give malt its typical malt aroma. The finished brewing malt contains only 3 or 4% moisture and is now ready to be stored. It is cleaned and separated from the germinating malt, dusted and polished and then stored in silos that are well ventilated and protected from dust development. The germination sets biological changes within the kernel into action: Enzymes are activated or newly created. These developments are only interrupted by the kiln-drying. During the mash (the mixing of the ground malt with water) the enzymes as desired become active again. The malt is now ready for the brewing process. Production methods will differ from brewery to brewery, as well as according to brewery equipment and beer types. Athenian Brewery S.A uses its own production methods; however the main processes will be similar. The description below applies to the production of a typical lager beer in a brewery with a lauter tun installed. The first stage in the brewing process is the preparation of the wort. After the malt is crushed to grist of suitable fineness, and preliminary treatment of the adjuncts takes place to facilitate extraction, the malt and adjuncts are mixed with brewing water to form a mash. Adjuncts are a supplementary sugar supply, provided either as starch (e.g. maize grits or rice) or as sugar or glucose syrup. Glucose syrup can also be added later to the wort kettle. The mash is heated, following a pre-set time-temperature program, in order to convert and dissolve substances from the malt and adjuncts in the brewing water. (The brewing water is often called ‘liquor’.)Extraction is accomplished through a combination of simple dissolution and the influence of the enzymes formed during the malting. The substances dissolved in the water are collectively called the â€Å"extract†. The solution formed is called the â€Å"wort†When the mashing is completed, the spent raw mater ial, called the â€Å"spent grains†, is separated from the wort by straining. The wort is then boiled with hops or hop extracts, releasing bitter substances and oils which are dissolved in the wort. During boiling the bitter substances are isomerizes, which increases their solubility, and a precipitate consisting mainly of proteins is obtained (the â€Å"trub’). After separation of the trub, the wort is cooled to approximately lO0C. The cooled wort is transferred to the fermentation area. In order to obtain a high yield of extracted substances as quickly and efficiently as possible, the malt must first be crushed before being mixed with hot water. Care should be taken during crushing to make sure the husks are not damaged, since they are used as filter bed for separating the spent grains when straining off the wort. Since the extract yield generally increases in direct proportion to the degree of fineness to which the malt is milled, it would be preferable for the malt to be crushed to very fine flour. However, this would cause the filter bed to become clogged during most wort straining operations, resulting in an increase in the time required for separation. Moreover, the bed would become less permeable, leading to the hold-up of valuable extract within the spent grains. Spargin2, if used, would also be less effective in recovering extract. The fineness to which the malt is milled is therefore a balance between best extract yield and ability to filter the wort. The purpose of mashing is to obtain a high yield of extract (of the highest possible quality) from the malt grist and adjuncts by extraction in the brewing water. Only a minor part of the extract is obtained through ordinary dissolution, while the remainder is extracted by means of the enzymatic breakdown of complex insoluble substances to simple water-soluble substances. Factors such as temperature, PH and length of time of the mashing must be carefully controlled so as to create optimum conditions. Conversion temperature is typically 650C, but mashing may begin at lower temperatures (e.g. 45OC) if the malt is relatively tinder-modified. .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac , .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac .postImageUrl , .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac , .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac:hover , .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac:visited , .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac:active { border:0!important; } .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac:active , .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u80f5c5d3dabf46a78a39b7353e263eac:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Inline or Online EssaySome classes of proteins and starches are insoluble in water. During mashing, the proteins are broken down by an enzyme system. Proteases hvdrolyse the proteins to peptides and other less complex nitrogenous compounds, and peptidases subsequently break down the peptides to amino acids. The starch is broken down by the amylase enzyme system to glucose, maltose and dextrins. In case of poor malt quality, enzymes from the malt can be supplemented with exogenous enzymes. Adjuncts such as rice and maize are not pre-germinated and do not contribute enzymes. Furthermore, their starch has a higher gelatinization temperature than malt starch. The adjunct is therefore mixed with water and cooked. The adjunct mash is then mixed with the malt mash and the malt enzymes break down the adjunct starch. Sugar and glucose syrup can also be used as adjuncts. Since no enzymatic breakdown is required, these adjuncts are added to the wort kettle. During mashing, the substances in the malt and adjuncts are broken down and dissolved in the brewing water. In addition to sugar and protein compounds of various complexities, the mash also contains insoluble material (spent grains). The wort is separated from the spent grains by straining through a porous filter bed formed by the husks. The residual extract in the filter bed is leached out with sparging water. The temperature of the wort during straining is about 75-780C. Following removal of the spent grains, the wort is heated to boiling in the work kettle and addition of the hops takes place. I.All enzymes are inactivated to prevent the continued breakdown of proteins during fermentation. 3.Bittering of the wort occurs via isomerisation of hop alpha-acids. 4.Unstable colloidal protein coagulates and precipitates. 5.Unwanted flavour components evaporate from the wort. The wort is normally boiled vigorously for about I.5 hours with a minimum boiling intensity of 5-8% evaporation per hour. The degree of wort clarity required depends on the type of beer being produced and on brewing practices. The wort should be clear and free of particles â€Å"hot trub† ) before entering the fermenting vessel. Particles, especially small ones, carry lipids which in high concentration have a marked influence on the formation of ester and higher alcohols, as well as the production of other flavour components from yeast during fermentation. The equipment most commonly used for wort clarification is the whirlpool, in which the wort and trub particles are introduced in a tangential mode. Secondary forces on the particles cause them to migrate and accumulate in a cone at the centre of the bottom of the vessel. After clarification, the wort is cooled to a temperature of typically about 10OC. Cooling normally takes place in a heat exchanger. The hot water produced is collected and used as brewing water. After the wort has been cooled to the fermentation temperature, oxygen is added. The wort is then pumped to the fermentation tanks, where yeast is added. Oxygen is necessary to support development of the yeast to a state and amount capable of fermenting wort efficiently. Fermentation is an anaerobic process: the yeast metabolises the fermentable sugars in the wort, forming alcohol and carbon dioxide. Heat is generated during fermentation. To maintain the desired fermentation temperature, the fermentation vessels must he cooled. Once primary fermentation has occurred, the yeast is cropped and pumped to storage tanks. During fermentation, yeast is produced in excess. A part of this yeast is reused for a new hatch of wort, the remainder being discharged or treated as a by-product. The production yeast is typically reused several times (perhaps up to ten generations). The yeast treatment involves the following functions:†¢ Yeast propagation, i.e. production of new yeast†¢Storage and discharge of surplus and spent yeastThe beer is stored for a certain period following primary fermentation. The objective of storage is to obtain:†¢Settling of yeast and other precipitatesAfter storage, the beer is ready for filtration. For beer with a very high yeast cell count, a centrifuge may he necessary for pre-clarification prior to filtration in order avoid blockage of the filters. Installation of a centrifuge may further reduce the consumption of kieselguhr, the filtration medium. The cooling of beer prior to filtration is important in regard to shelf life, since a forced precipitation of haze particles takes place at this stage rather than hater in the bottles. Cooling must be controlled very carefully to ensure a constant beer temperature of approximately -10C to -l.5C. The purpose of filtration is to obtain the specified low level of initial haze in the beer and to facilitate prolonged shelf life. Filtration typically takes place in a kieselguhr (diatomaceous earth) filter. Perlites (volcanic residues) are sometimes used instead of kieselguhr. Diatomaceous earth performs the filtration, with the filter itself acting as support for the filter cake. The small diatoms form a rigid but porous filter cake which sieves out particulate matter as it passes through the filter. To prevent â€Å"blinding† of the filter, and to achieve extended filter runs, kieselguhr is continuously dosed into the unfiltered beer as â€Å"body feed†, thereby constantly building up the depth of the filter cake. To act as a â€Å"police filter† after the kieselguhr, a cartridge filter or sheet filter can he installed. Additives such as stabilising agents, colouring and primings (sugar) can be dosed to the beer. In order to achieve the finished product specification for CO, the beer is carbonated before being sent to the bright beer tank. Nitrogen gas may also be used in small quantities to favour foam performance. When the filtration process is completed, the beer is ready for packaging. Prior to packaging, the beer is stored in bright beer tanks. It is important that all process equipment and pipes are kept clean and disinfected. Cleaning is done by means of CIP plants, where cleaning agents are circulated through the equipment or sprinkled over the surface of the tanks. Disinfection takes place through a combination of high temperature, cleaning agents and disinfectants. Caustic and/or acid are normally used as cleaning agents. The cleaning and disinfection of the brewery equipment can involve the use of substantial amounts of energy, water, cleaning agents, and disinfectants. .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552 , .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552 .postImageUrl , .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552 , .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552:hover , .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552:visited , .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552:active { border:0!important; } .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552:active , .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552 .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3f6db099eabce24d308cebc9da6b6552:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: ch 2 medical terminology- suffixes indicating diseases or abnormal conditionsSeveral CIP units are usually required in order to cover all the process areas in the brewery. From the bright beer tanks the beer is pumped to the packaging area, where it is bottled, canned or kegged. During this final operation it is important that:†¢The beer is prevented from coming into contact with oxygen:†¢No carbon dioxide is lost, as the beer was carbonated to specifications during beer processing;†¢The beer is not infected. (If it is infected, its shelf life will be reduced and the beer will have off-flavours). In packaging lines using non-returnable bottles and cans, the bottles/cans are only flushed with water before filling. The bottle washer consumes large quantities of energy, water, and caustic. Furthermore, substantial quantities of waste water are discharged. The use of non-returnable packaging material reduces consumption of energy, water, and caustic, therefore reducing waste water generation. If kegs are used, they are cleaned and sterilised with steam before filling. Before being filled with beer, the returned bottles are sent to a bottle washer which removes all impurities inside and outside. Inside the bottles, impurities include residual beer mould, cigarette butts, etc, externally; impurities may include labels, aluminum foil, and dust particles. Bottle washing is likely to consist of soaking, rinsing, sterilisation and re-rinsing. The bottles are transported on conveyor belts from the bottle washer to the filling machine. They are filled under pressure, according to the quantity of dissolved carbon dioxide in the beer. In addition to tilling bottles, the most important function of filling machines (which may take various forms) is to prevent oxygen coming into contact with the beer. After filling, the bottles are conveyed to the crowner, which fits them with crown corks. The sealed bottles are then conveyed to the tunnel pasteurizer. Beer is pasteurised to ensure a long shelf life, although there is increasing use of sterile filtration as an alternative. It is important that all micro-organisms capable of growing in the beer are destroyed. Pasteurisation guarantees practically unlimited biological stability. Two different methods are used for the pasteurisation of the beer: (a) Tunnel pasteurisation, during which the beer is pasteurised in bottles (or cans), i.e. both beer and bottle are pasteurised as a closed unit; (b) Flash pasteurisation, employing a heat exchanger in which the beer is pasteurised before it is put into bottles (or kegs). Following pasteurisation, the bottles are conveyed to the labeler. There labels and, in some cases, foil are applied. The bottles are now ready for packing in crates, cartons, or other forms of transport packaging. Packed beer is stored in the warehouse. It is important to store beer under cover, as sunlight destroys its quality. In some breweries there is a centralised warehouse where chemicals and other supplies are kept. Brewery laboratories vary considerably from brewery to brewery. Well-equipped laboratories provide quality control checks on all aspects of raw materials control and use, brewing, fermentation, storage, filtration and packaging. In addition, they can analyse consumer product samples, process water, cleaning water, effectiveness of cleaning procedures, waste water, etc. on a routine basis. Heat is supplied by a boiler plant, usually located on-site. It can take the form of steam or of water at high temperature. Boilers are normally fired by oil, natural gas or coal, or supplemented with biogas from the anaerobic waste water treatment plant. Process cooling is supplied by a central plant using reciprocating or screw compressors. It can be distributed via the cooling media (for instance, ammonia) directly or via secondary cooling media such as propylene glycol. Water can be supplied from wells or surface intake. If the water is supplied from its own intakes, it should be treated in conventional water treatment plants. Normally the water quality must, as a minimum, meet regulatory requirements for drinking water. The various water consumers in the brewery have special water quality requirements, typically that it be soft or chlorine-free. Softening plants are regenerated using either salt or acids. Activated carbon filters are normally used to remove free chlorine. Water consumption in breweries varies significantly. Many breweries have installed water reservoirs and use booster stations for local water supply. Athenian Brewery S.A uses its own supplies of water that are the same for all the beers that Heineken N.V produces. The CO2 generated during the fermentation process can be collected, cleaned, and then reused in the brewery. CO2 is necessary for carbonation and/or counter-pressure in tanks and bottles to prevent beer oxidation. Some breweries recover more CO2 than is needed for production, in which case the surplus can be sold. Some breweries use nitrogen instead of CO2 for counter-pressure in tanks and bottles. Compressed air is mainly used for instruments, actuators, pressurising of tanks, and possibly the transport of spent grain. Most breweries use public sources of electricity. A few have their own co-generation plants, producing both electricity and heat. If the electricity supply is not stable, emergency generators may be used. The existence of a waste water treatment plant will depend on local discharge requirements and the costs of waste water treatment. Relevant waste water treatment technologies involve neutralisation and anaerobic or aerobic processes. There may be a centralised workshop that machine-tools spare parts, maintains equipment and vehicles, etc. Or workshops may be located near various operations. Storage for auxiliary materials such as kieselguhr, glue, labels, etc. is ideally located near where the materials are used. Solid waste is normally collected in a solid waste area equipped with compartments or containers for each type of waste. Bibliography:

My Life as a Carbon Atom In The Bush essays

My Life as a Carbon Atom In The Bush essays My name is Bon, and I am a carbon atom. I am a non-metal element, living in the north eastern region of the periodic table, in Period 2, Group IV, which means I have two occupied shells and contain 4 electrons in my valance shell. I am universally renowned from my chemical symbol of C, and distinguished by my atomic number 6, and the atomic mass 12.01. Without me, life as we know it would not exist. Out of the other109 elements in the periodic table, I am the only one that has the properties that make it possible for living systems to develop, due to my unique ability to form a wide range of compounds. This is on account of the fact that I have four electrons available for bonding with other atoms. I can also share my electrons with other carbon atoms, like myself, in a form called covalent bonding. A compound that I am most commonly found in is oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, and hydrogen. Last year I bonded with 11 carbons and 26 hydrogens and formed a large molecule. We were great together, and we had lots in common, with our similar electronegativites, which allowed us to form a non-polar compound, decane. Decane is a hydrocarbon, a type of organic compound. Along with other chemical compounds, but mainly with hydrocarbons, we formed a fossil fuel, crude oil. Fossil fuels are formed when some dead organisms are compressed under land, or water for long periods, and undergo chemical changes. It wasnt until one day; we were mined and sent to a power plant station. There, we were subjected to high temperatures in the presence of a catalyst. This process we underwent, was called Catalytic Cracking. The high temperatures caused us to break down into smaller, and more useful molecules, but the temperatures also caused us to decompose. The catalyst was used to lower the temperature at which we would crack, and prevented us from decomposing. The catalyst also had an advant age of producing the industrially important hydrocarb...

Hand Sanitizers vs. Soap and Water

Hand Sanitizers vs. Soap and Water Antibacterial hand sanitizers are marketed to the public as an effective way to wash ones hands when traditional soap and water are not available. These waterless products are particularly popular with parents of small children. Manufacturers of hand sanitizers claim that the sanitizers kill 99.9 percent of germs. Since you naturally use hand sanitizers to cleanse your hands, the assumption is that 99.9 percent of harmful germs are killed by the sanitizers. Research studies suggest that this is not the case. How Do Hand Sanitizers Work? Hand sanitizers work by stripping away the outer layer of oil on the skin. This usually prevents bacteria present in the body from coming to the surface of the hand. However, these bacteria that are normally present in the body are generally not the kinds of bacteria that will make us sick. In a review of the research, Barbara Almanza, an associate professor at Purdue University who teaches safe sanitation practices to workers, came to an interesting conclusion. She notes that the research shows that hand sanitizers do not significantly reduce the number of bacteria on the hand and in some cases may potentially increase the amount of bacteria. So the question arises, how can the manufacturers make the 99.9 percent claim? How Can Manufacturers Make the 99.9 Percent Claim? The manufacturers of the products test the products on bacteria-tainted inanimate surfaces, hence they are able to derive the claims of 99.9 percent of bacteria killed. If the products were fully tested on hands, there would no doubt be different results. Since there is inherent complexity in the human hand, testing hands would definitely be more difficult. Using surfaces with controlled variables is an easier way to obtain some type of consistency in the results. But, as we are all aware, everyday life is not as consistent. Hand Sanitizer vs. Hand Soap and Water Interestingly enough, the Food and Drug Administration, in regards to regulations concerning proper procedures for food services, recommends that hand sanitizers not be used in place of hand soap and water but only as an adjunct. Likewise, Almanza recommends that to properly sanitize the hands, soap and water should be used during hand washing. A hand sanitizer can not and should not take the place of proper cleansing procedures with soap and water. Hand sanitizers can be a useful alternative when the option of using soap and water is not available. An alcohol-based sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol should be used to ensure that germs are killed. Since hand sanitizers dont remove dirt and oils on hands, it is best to wipe your hands with a towel or napkin before applying the sanitizer. What About Antibacterial Soaps? Research on the use of consumer antibacterial soaps has shown that plain soaps are just as effective as antibacterial soaps in reducing bacteria related illnesses. In fact, using consumer antibacterial soap products may increase bacterial resistance to antibiotics in some bacteria. These conclusions only apply to consumer antibacterial soaps and not to those used in hospitals or other clinical areas. Other studies suggest that ultra-clean environments and the persistent use of antibacterial soaps and hand sanitizers may inhibit proper immune system development in children. This is because inflammatory systems require greater exposure to common germs for proper development. In September 2016, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration banned the marketing of over-the-counter antibacterial products that contain several ingredients including triclosan and triclocarban. Triclosan in antibacterial soaps and other products has been linked to the development of certain diseases. More on Hand Sanitizers vs. Soap and Water Hand Sanitizers No Substitute for Soap and Water - Purdue NewsTop Five Reasons to Wash Your Hands

Wetted wall column Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Wetted wall column - Coursework Example According to Mass balance (also known as material balance), and assuming that there no accumulation of materials in the system, or there is no loss associated with process under which the materials entering the system are undergoing, the mass of materials entering the system is equal to the mass of materials (components) leaving the system (Atkins 1997). See the diagram below. If accumulation occurs in the system, the mass of materials entering the system is equal to the mass of materials leaving the system plus the mass of materials that have accumulated in the system. This can be as shown in the equation below, One of the ways in which mass balance can be studied theoretically is through wetted column. A wetted column experiment consists of a vertical tube in which a gas is flowing either co-current or counter current to a liquid (the liquid has to be volatile in nature) (Sinnott 2007). The interface area between the liquid column (thin film) and the gas can be measured and is usually constant (Dainitiyh 1996). In the wetted column the volatile liquid is usually flowing down the surface of the wetted tube in a very thin film (Kim 2007). From the rate at which the volatile liquid change to gaseous state (evaporation), the coefficient of the mass transfer of the gas phase can be calculated. The rate of mass transfer in wetted column (also rate of evaporation) normally depends on the conditions that prevail in the area (interface) between the gas stream and the thin liquid column (film). In the wetted column, the gas flow is either laminar or turbulent, that is, the flow of the gas is either smooth or associated with ripples at the interface. The mass balance of the materials (in this case water vapour) that are transferred from the film of the liquid to the air along the column (assuming that the transfer has taken place throughout the length of the tube (column)) is

Global Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Global Marketing - Essay Example Because of this free flow of information, it has to be said that there has been a tremendous rise of competition in the global market place. As of the recent times, many companies are focusing on entering many new markets for the purpose of clocking significant business growth opportunities. It has to be said that this particular project discusses about the internationally acclaimed ethical cosmetic and beauty product offering company Body Shop and its efforts related to entering the market of China. Introduction The world of the 21st century is moving at a rapid pace. The tremendous momentum of the pace is being spearheaded on the basis of fast growth and rapid development. It is of considerable importance to mention that the rapid growth of the telecommunication technology has acted as a major catalyst in promoting tremendous growth for the emergence of high speed internet technology. It is largely relevant to mention that the faster penetration of the internet has resulted in a tr emendous spike of acceptance of Smartphones in the markets of both the developed as well as developing economies. Because of the smooth and seamless integration of the developed world with the developing economies on the lines of the technology medium, it has to be said that the world in itself has transformed into a single and well connected entity. It has to be said that the globally connected entity has resulted in the

Early Intervention in the First Grade Essay Example for Free

Early Intervention in the First Grade Essay The purpose of the paper is to look at early intervention in the first grade. The paper will discuss what early intervention at first grade is all about with close scrutiny of the various methods that are used in early intervention at schools and the effect of the intervention. It also shade light on the use and value of early intervention at first grade with respect to students performance later in the education. The introductory part of the paper will give an explanation about early intervention at first grade, whom it affects and the parties involved. The statement of the problem will illustrate the nature of the research proposal in terms of stating exactly what the problem is. It will also explain why early intervention at first grade is a problem of research and whether or not it is researchable. The literature review section will elaborate the context of the problem while discussing the related issues that readers are most likely to raise, their differing views, methodology and results. The objectives of the research will also be looked at in detail. These will stipulate the various aims or goals that the research needs to address and will be followed by the hypothesis section that will try to answer the stipulated objectives of the research proposal. The research methodology will then be followed by the expected outcomes or results, the discussion of the results and the paper in general. Introduction. Early intervention in the first grade is a situation where children are subjected to or put in a schedule that allows them to have the relevant exposure and experience in the process of acquainting themselves with school before they get to the real school life environment. Children between the age of three and the age at which they are expected to join the beginners level are the ones targeted by the various institutions and organization offering such programs (Deese Ellen 2003). There is need to implement such programs as they help the children is preparation and anticipation of what they expect the moment they begin their first grade programs. Interventions at early age are necessary in that they help in situations where the childrens right have been violated and more so where some children have been denied the go ahead of joining the first grade programs on different accounts. In Pennsylvania for instance, there is an Act which legitimatizes children who are between three years and the age of joining the beginners program to have access to early intervention programs. Several procedures have been established by different circulars on the way forward to achieving the set objectives of the early intervention programs. Statement of the problem. It is evident that there is a problem concerning early intervention in the first grade. The issue here is to address the problems that come along with early intervention procedures and programs. This has been a problem in that several children are locked out of the programs simply because they are thought to be underage (Lakein, 2004). Some have been denied the opportunity of getting to first grade at a certain age. The problem can actually be researchable as it touches on every persons life be it the childs or the parents life. If researched properly, the findings and recommendations will be tabled and put into effect by the relevant authorities. Literature Review. Early Intervention. In the year nineteen ninety, an Act was established in Pennsylvania concerning early intervention and its transition. The circular had the sole purpose of clarifying the procedure to be followed during the transition process of childrens education. It focused on the procedures required by the authorities in the transition process from early intervention programs that are preschool in nature to the first grade and the kindergartens. The transition was required to be in such a way that it did not interrupt the school going program and that all children will be eligible for the program especially those who were not provided with the procedures for transition. It also guarded against instances of childrens rights being violated by certain people and institutions of learning (Deese Ellen 2003). The smooth transition of the children to the district programs from early intervention was also the objective of the Act. This was to be done not only by the schools but also the parents choices were to be taken care of by the circular. In February, a body was appointed and vested with the mandate of one, identifying all the children who were almost the age of kindergarten in their residential districts, making parents aware that those children who were about the age of joining kindergarten that their children would be required to continue with early intervention for a period of another year, creating awareness to the many families about the process of transition, holding meetings to discuss the process of transition and also confirming whether or not parents were ready to register their children in the residential districts or that of the school that the children would join the following year (Lakein, 2004). The other role of the circular on Basic Education was to make sure that schools did evaluations and came up with education programs that were individualized and that they adhered to the laid down timelines (Lakein, 2004). It also ensured that children who had left their schools for other schools continued to be offered services by their former schools as they wait for the appeals and court hearings in case their parent disagreed with the individualized programs in the district schools. Such circulars were important in that they helped children in achieving the education in a manner that is properly structured in terms of education programs and curricula. Parents also had the chance of having their views and opinion heard in matters concerning their childrens education lifestyle and process. Reasons for Early Intervention. Research has shown that learning in schools and in general life, is more rapid in the preschool years. Intervention at this stage is extremely necessary as the child needs to start developing his/her education early enough. It care is not taken in terms of teaching the child at this early stage, it might be difficult for the child to get a particular skill or phenomenon at the later stage in life (Lakein, 2004). These early intervention procedures and measures have an impact on the parents and the children as well. A child who is considered ans being an exceptional case may cause the family to feel isolated socially, disappointed, stressful, frustrated and even feel helpless. This combination of negative attributes may affect the well being of the family and to some extend affect the development of the child in question. Some families find themselves in situations of divorce and even suicidal situations in cases where their children are either handicapped or physically challenged. This creates a stigma in the minds of other people and create a negative impression to the concerned families (Lakein, 2004). Interventions at early stages will result to improved attitudes by the parents towards their children and towards themselves. Parents are also likely to improve and increase on their childrens information and skills in terms of devoting more time to leisure activities and teaching schedules for them. Parents who believe that their children have a brighter future in terms of education, need such early interventions so that they can provide good learning environment for their children and also offer the necessary support required by their children. The other reason for early intervention is that through it, a society or community for that matter will be in a position to reap benefits that are maximum. The increased educational benefits and development of the child and the reduction in the over dependence of the child on the educational institutions together with the ability of the childs family to be in terms with them despite their exceptional nature coupled with the increased chances of the child to employment, are factors issues that offer social and economic benefits. Beneficiaries of Early Intervention. Beneficiaries of this program include children who are attending school or even younger children who are thought to be at risk of lacking education or at risk of being handicapped including any other need considered as special and would affect the development of the child. Families of children who are affected also benefit from early intervention as they help to lessen the effect of the condition. The other beneficiaries of the program are the teachers in the various institutions. Teachers stand to benefit a great deal in that they come across children who are already molded and are ready for their next level of education. Such programs could be based at home, based in hospitals, based at centers, even be a combination of all of them (Berruetta, 2005). The program also benefits those who are in their tender ages, that is, from birth to their school going ages. Inasmuch as this is true, there are so many reasons as to why the program should begin at the earliest age possible. Research has shown that there is qualitative and quantitative evidence that intervention at the early ages increases the childs development and also boosts the childs educational gains. It is also evident that early intervention helps in improving the familys functionality and harvest long-time gains and benefits for the society at large. The results of early intervention to the child include; the child needing less education that is special and also other services for rehabilitation in terms of education and social well being later on in life (Pauk, 2007). Early intervention has also shown that students are less likely to be retained in their grades for along period of time. The children get promoted at the required stage and time and do not waste a lot of time in their grades. Outcomes of previous researches. According to Berrueta (2005), research was carried out in Perry Preschool on physically challenged children. The research showed that the children were consistent in their performance at the age of 19. The students had a positive attitude to schooling and most of them completed their high school education and went ahead to join institutions of higher learning to pursue their careers. This landed them employment compared to other children who did not have the chance and opportunity to attend preschool programs. Previous research outcomes have also shown that handicapped and disabled children scored higher marks when it came to arithmetic, languages and reading tests. The early interventions led to a reduction to up to fifty percent in the quest for education services that are specialized. It also led to less and less antisocial behaviors within and outside the schools compared to other students who did not attend the program. It is through the research that is came out clear that cases of under-achievement in children who are gifted and talented may be curbed and taken care of by early intervention and identification through appropriate methods and programs (Pauk, 2007). The approach to early Intervention. The approach to early intervention has been captured in different fields such as education, health, psychology, neuroscience as well as criminology. The approach is based on the need of improving and promoting community and family relationships and experiences during their childrens childhood periods. Childrens development during the first years of their lives is crucial in the laying down of a foundation of learning, health and behavior outcomes. This postulation is the foundation on which the importance of intervention at the early stages and prevention at early ages stands (Berruetta, 2005). The most important and effective intervention approaches will always tend to deal with the childs problems earlier on in life and prevent the problems before they are embedded in the child. Early intervention could tackle and prevent ills that are social to the community such as illiteracy, unemployment and crime which are assumed to have been caused by lack of early intervention at the childs early age. Such approaches could be carried out at any level sch as at the family level, individual level and the community level as the effects and results are all bu the same. Service such as training parents on the various skills of dealing with the child, visiting pregnant mothers and also those with new born babies, education concerning family relationships, counseling services of the family, supporting families with young and tender children among others should be provided at all times through early intervention. Research Questions. The research proposal is aimed at establishing the benefits of early interventions in the first grade. The benefits will be looked at in terms of whom they benefits, how they benefit and the outcome of the benefits. There will also be the question of how early interventions have helped children desist from social evils in their later lives. This will be justified by previously conducted researches on the same. The paper will lastly address the question of the impact of early interventions on the society and the community at large. Statement Hypothesis. This section will try to answer the objectives of the research paper. There are obvious benefits that can be attributed to early interventions to both the children parents and the community in general. Early interventions have helped children shape their lives in terms of behavior, education and social aspects. Research methodology. The research will be made possible by the aid of research methods that will be deemed useful. The research shall deploy both the qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis as there will be need to analyze both numbers, figures as well as statements. Data collection methods and techniques will involve the use of primary and secondary data. Primary data will be collected by use of questionnaires and interviews. Secondary data will be collected from journals, books and other scholarly materials that will be deemed fit for the research. Participants in the research will include children in the kindergartens, teachers of various schools that offer the early intervention program, the government officials who are in charge of the educational programs and other relevant authorities. The research shall use instruments and materials such as questionnaires, tape recorders, tape translators among others. Tape recorders are reliable tools for data collection as they can keep information for long and can be used in case there is clarification in future. The design of the study. The study was designed in such a way that it involved all the relevant parties. Children were conducted through interviews which were recorded using tape recorders. This methods was deemed relevant to the children as they were free to give information as a result of enjoying being taped and heard afterwards from the tape recorders. The first phase of the data collection will take about three weeks to five weeks after which the in information will be gathered, compiled and analyzed. The questionnaires will be used on teachers and government officials who will be given one month to fill them and thereafter they will be collected for compilation and analysis. The next step will be data compilation and analysis which will take about one month and an extension another two weeks just in case the process takes a lot of time than expected. Data interpretation will then take two weeks as it is not a demanding exercise as compared to data analysis. Data collection methods. Questionnaires and Interviews. Questionnaires will be used because of the many advantages they have over other methods of data collection. They are easy to understand and interpret because the language used is simple and easy to read. They also have an advantage in that they allow the respondent to give views and opinions without the fear of either being heard or looked at by the interviewer. The main disadvantage with the questionnaires is that they bound to give the impression that the interview is not serious and that the questions can be answered in any way as the respondent feels fit. This method will be used because it is appropriate for children and other government officials who might not be willing and comfortable to use questionnaires. The main disadvantage is that interviews might instill a sense of fear and panic among children and other respondents for fear of being victimized there and then by the interviewer. Conclusion/Discussion. It is evident from the literature review that early intervention in the first grade is important for child development and the community as well. Many children who go through the program of early intervention are found to be sharp in their academics, alert, focused and even end up maintaining their academic standards in their later education levels (Berruetta, 2005). Early intervention helps to shape the future of many children as they are made to understand and molded into better students at a very early age of their lives. The research will therefore be expected to make known the importance of early intervention in schools and other places as well. The outcome of the research will also be expected to make more and more schools and institutions embrace the need for early intervention and put up facilities to support the programs (Pauk, 2007). References. Berruetta, C. (2005). Early Intervention in schools. New York: McGraw Hill Deese, J. Ellen, K. (2003). The importance of Early Intervention. Washington: Sage Publishers. Lakein, A. (2004). Early Intervention Programs and their effects to children. New York: Peter H. Wyden, Inc. Pauk, W. (2007). Interventions at Chilhood: An Analysis of what it means. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co.

Important Presidents :: essays research papers

The second President of the United States was John Adams, a lawyer and diplomat. Adam’s public career lasted more than 35 years. He was second only to George Washington in making a place for the young United States among the nations of the world. In his devotion to the country he was second to none. Adams was a federalist. He, like other federalists, believed in a strong central government. However, he was independent and decided issues for himself in the interests of his country and often against the interests of his party. Adams was defeated for a second term as president because he defied party power to act for his vision of the nations good. John Adams was born October 30, 1735, in Braintree, Massachusetts. He was the eldest of three sons, children of John and Susanna Boylston Adams. Young John attended a â€Å"dame† school, a school conducted by a woman in her home. Later he went to the Free Latin School. He was handy around cattle and horses, helping with the milking and feeding. He was helpful in the kitchen too, building fires and cleaning up. In summer he went down to the bay to watch the sailing ships come in. In winter he skated on the frozen creeks. He flew homemade kites, collected bird’s eggs, and always had a whittling knife in hand. When he entered Harvard College, he intended to become a minister. By the time he graduated, he had given up the idea. He taught school until he could make up his mind about his future. Adams taught in Worcester, Massachusetts, about 60 miles west of Boston. After a year he began to study law under James Putnam, the town’s leading lawyer. He kept on teaching and spent his after-school hours in Putnam’s office. He was admitted to the bar in November 1758 and settled in Braintree to practice. When he was 29 he married Abigail Smith, a minister’s daughter. She was only 20, but she had schooled herself well in politics and literature. They had four children: Abigail, John Quincy, Charles and Thomas. After he was through serving in the Revolutionary War, he returned to the United States and was elected vice-president under George Washington. In 1792 Washington and Adams were reelected. Political parties began to emerge during Washington’s presidency. Adams and Alexander Hamilton led the Federalist party. They opposed Thomas Jefferson and his Democratic-Republican party. In 1797 Adams became president, with Jefferson as vice-president. Despite Adam’s great ability and patriotism, he was never popular. He was often vain and blunt. He was charged with wanting to confine power to the â€Å"rich,

Small Talk

Small Talk We’ve all engaged in some sort of small talk either in the office, on campus, at a party, or other places where you find yourself in the company of others. For some of us, participating in small talk may come easily, while for others it may be quite difficult. Some individuals may find small talk to be irritating while others find it a necessity. In this paper I am going to explore what exactly defines small talk as such; the reasons why people find the need to engage in small talk; the benefits, and disadvantages of small talk; is there an ethical approach to small talk; and provide tips on how to participate in small talk—without it creating an uncomfortable atmosphere. What exactly defines small talk as such, segregating it from the normal conversations exchanged between two individuals? Small talk is defined as a light conversation; it is typically polite and about matters of little importance, especially between people who do not know each other well. In these conversations general-interest topics are commonly discussed such as movies, sports, food, travel, and music. Many find that those who engage in this form of conversation are approachable and friendly. By taking an active part in these conversations you send a message that you are ready, willing and able to communicate. This may not seem like a difficult task, considering all humans communicate at various levels daily, but to engage in small talk may actually be very difficult, so when done willingly and well it can say a lot about that person. Part of being successful at small talk is being an avid listener. This is a very important part of conversation. Many get worried about being able to communicate their thoughts clearly that they neglect to listen. Listening carefully helps in understanding and encouraging those who are speaking to you. Franklin Roosevelt, the thirty-second president of the United States of America, believed that most people were poor listeners. He believed that this held true especially when engaging in small talk conversations. To prove his point and amuse himself, he would greet visiting guests with, â€Å"I murdered my grandmother this morning. He was usually responded with a puzzling look yet a polite nod in approval. However, one evening he was impressed when one guest responded with a surprising response, â€Å"I’m sure she had it coming. † Even so, Roosevelt did prove the common neglect individuals give towards small talk. So, why do people engage in small talk? Talking is the primary form of communication between all beings. The mere act of t alking is a way to â€Å"break the ice,† relieve any tensions, and it helps individuals find a common ground amongst them. Small talk is most commonly found in an instance when there is an uncomfortable silence, or is used in a situation where a person is waiting for something—it passes the time. There are many instances when people feel they have to engage in small talk simply not to be rude. We have been cultured in our society to view small talk as a politically correct act when in one of these instances. Those who do not openly converse with others are looked upon as rude and unapproachable. This leads to the topic of the benefits small talk has and its importance. An article from the Los Angeles Times entitled, â€Å"Researchers take a high view of idle chatter† showed that an increase of social contact aided mental function. This affect is similar to those of solitaire games such as Sudoku and crossword puzzles, which have the same benefit when engaged in for the same amount of time. Good news for those who enjoy chatter, but not great for those who have difficulties with it. Striking a conversation with someone gives him or her the opportunity to either accept or reject you. This is probably the main reason for its importance. Americans typically strive to be accepted by their peers. We want to be liked by our peers and when we engage in small talk we are being judged. A lot of the time it is the first impression we leave with someone. Another benefit of small talk is meeting new people and possibly new friends; or making new business relations, which could lead to a promotion or new business venture. Wendy Warman, co-author of Loud and Clear: How to Prepare and Deliver Effective Business and Technical Presentations, gives instructional seminars on how to effectively participate in small talk for big success. Warman discusses the importance of small talk in order to improve communication, boost sales, enhance customer service and increase profits in any organization or industry. These are all very important benefits, which I think everyone could find use for. Now that we more thoroughly understand the basic means of small talk and what small talk actually consists of, we need to be aware of the topics chosen for these conversations. There is an ethical approach to small talk and ethical judgments need to be made. Very frequently small talk is shared between individuals whom do not know each other well, therefore there are many ‘forbidden’ topics that should be avoided. When people do not know each other well it is not a wise decision to discuss personal information such as salaries or divorce. Two main topics that should be avoided are religion and politics. The foundationalist’s view should not be considered here since everyone’s justified beliefs on these topics might vary. The intent of small talk should basically be to get to know someone better, keeping in mind other peoples feelings. Raised emotion may arise if one of these topics is brought forth in a conversation. The consequence of these discussions may be a negative response, being that many people have different beliefs and opinions in the matter. An altruistic approach is definitely called for when engaging in small talk. The â€Å"golden rule† of â€Å"Love your neighbor as yourself† should be remembered in these situations. Placing the other person’s feelings first will usually lead to a pleasant conversation with affirmative results. Thus one can also say a utilitarian approach is also necessary when engaging in small talk. There are some basic guidelines one can follow to assist in creating proficient small talk. The first step before going to a function or gathering is to prepare yourself. Here is a list of tips that will help in engaging in small talk: 1. One should derive at least three topics to discuss as well as four questions that can be asked to others to spark conversation. If you know that there will be people there that you have met before, try to remember some things about them that you can bring up . . . maybe a charity they’re involved with or a hobby they partake in. 2. Be the first to say â€Å"Hello. Offering your name when greeting someone will avoid an uncomfortable situation of him or her not remembering your name. 3. Make an effort to remember names and use them frequently. 4. Motivate the other person(s) to start talking by asking an open-ended question that is common ground, such as, â€Å"How do you know the host? † 5. Be an active listener and provide feedback. 6 . You were given two ears and one mouth . . . you should listen twice as much as you talk. 7. Try to contribute something interesting to the conversation. Stay away from negative or controversial topics, as mentioned above. . If you want to meet someone in particular, be introduced to him or her by someone they respect. A mutual friend should be asked to do so. 9. When accepting a business card, receive it with both hands, read it, and place it in a coat pocket, purse or wallet to show it is valued. 10. Be mindful of you body language, this can cause others to be uncomfortable. Act confident. 11. Observe and listen before entering a conversation that has already begun. 12. Always be prepared with a few exit lines so you can have a graceful dismissal from the conversation. â€Å"Be bright. Be brief. Be gone. I chose this topic with the expectations of finding good reasons for small talk. Although I find small talk to be necessary and appropriate in certain situations, I find it unne cessary at time and frankly quite annoying. I still think talking about the weather with a fellow employee at the printer is unnecessary, but I don’t see those instances being avoidable. However, I have learned if you are active in using the tips provided, you can obtain more control over the conversation and guide it so that it is more enjoyable. Being prepared for small talk is the best way to avoid ‘lame’ conversation. If you go to a function with a select few topics to discuss, chances are the conversation will be strong and others will be guided by your contributions. Another important matter in successful small talk is to think of others first. This is very important with successful small talk and getting positive results. You want to make people happy and to feel good—everyone likes to be around people that make them feel better about themselves. Reference List â€Å"12 Tips for Making Small Talk. † CareerBuilder. com. 2005. CNN. com. 1 May 2009 Hoekman, Laurel. â€Å"The Benefits of Small Talk. Gray Center SUN News. 2008. Gray Center. 2 May 2009 Murphy, Peter. â€Å"How to Master the Art of Small Talk. † Relationships/Communication. 2007. Ezinarticles. 1 May 2009 Rosenstand, Nina. The Moral of the Story: An Introduction to Ethics (Sixth Edition). New York, NY: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. , 1994–2009. â€Å"Small Talk. † Encarta World Dictionary. 2009. En cartaMsn. 2 May 2009 â€Å"Small Talk: Who, What, Where, When, Why?. † EnglishClub. com. 1997–2009. nglichClub. com. 1 May 2009 â€Å"Wendy Warman. † World Class Speakers & Entertainers: wcSpeakers. com. 2005–2009. wcSpeakers. com. 2 May 2009.

“La Grande Odalisque” and Manet’s “Olympia” Essay

This essay is comparing paintings of reclining female nudes thru the history of art. – Ingres’ â€Å"La Grande Odalisque† and Manet’s â€Å"Olympia† a Comparison The reclining female nude has been a recurring image in the history of European art. Each artist through time approaches the subject in a different, individualized way. An earlier example of the reclining nude is Giorgione’s â€Å"Sleeping Venus,† created around 1510(see fig. 1). His nude is painted using the clair obscur method with soft, blurred lines, making her fair skin fade slowly into the dark background. Her eyes are closed, giving an aura of innocence, because she is unaware of being observed. Also, Giorgione seems to be experimenting with background in the painting. When examining the painting as a whole, one does not simply see the reclining figure, but the diverse and unusual background also attracts the eye. The fact that the background is open is a certain indication of classical influence on this Renaissance artist. Later, in 1796, Goya began his version of the reclining nude, â€Å"The Nude Maja†(see fig. 2). This painting was ahead of its time, in the respect that the Spanish society was not ready to view this â€Å"obscene† image. She was considered obscene because of her provocative position of frontal nudity, and because this is the first time a nude has been painted in awareness of the painter; her gaze is focused outward. About thirty years later, in 1814, Ingres paints â€Å"La Grande Odalisque†(see fig. 3). She, like Goya’s â€Å"Maja† was rejected at first by society, but for different reasons. She was not rejected because she was â€Å"obscene,† but because her body was an unnatural shape; her long back does not seem proportional to her small head. One critic of Ingres said, â€Å"She has three vertebrae too many!† Ingres’ nude is also looking out from the painting with awareness, as Goya’s â€Å"Maja† did. However, there was not as much objection to the lack of innocence demonstrated here. Her awareness may have been less of an impact  on Ingres’ society because the body of â€Å"La Grande Odalisque† is painted more modestly; it is facing in, away from the viewer. It was also more accepted in Ingres’ society because it was painted after the shock of Goya’s work. The advancement of time has given Europe a chance to broaden its perspectives, and become more open-minded regarding the strict rules of painting nudes. If Ingres’ style in â€Å"La Grande Odalisque† is examined, one can definitely see classical influence playing a large part. The classical influence is most clear through the solid delineation of the figure. There are no blurred or choppy lines. Classical influence is also shown through the way Ingres paints his nude with very smooth, invisible brush strokes. The skin and textures of fabric seem so real, they are practically photographic. She is painted indoors, but the black background behind the blue curtain denotes openness, as seen in classical works. Even though these obvious classical influences exist, Ingres did not follow the classical masters exactly as other Neo-Classical artists did. The figures’ slight deformation does not coincide with the classical challenge to create the perfect body. Why did Ingres reject the classical style when he shaped the body of his nude? Some critics felt that because of her unusual shape, Ingres must have been following the Mannerists, who with their unnatural ways of painting rejected the normal classic figure. However, it is also believed that Ingres elongated the back and outstretched arm to create a more sensual and erotic shape. His painting may also be considered romantic in subject matter, even though his style is Neo-Classical. Almost fifty years after Ingres painted â€Å"La Grande Odalisque,† Manet created â€Å"Olympia†(see fig. 4). Olympia could be considered the most unconventional nude up to this point. She was painted in 1863, and again, society rejected the reclining figure. Olympia was the first of the nudes to give the viewer the sense of a real person, rather than an idealized figure. This realistic, unconventional portrayal caught the world by surpass. Olympia’s pale skin is totally unattractive when compared with the smooth, well-shadowed skin of  Ã¢â‚¬Å"La Grande Odalisque.† Manet’s figure seems two-dimensional, whereas Ingres’ nude is three-dimensional. This is attributed to the fact that Manet, being reluctant to follow the trends before him, â€Å"refused to create three-dimensionality through modeling forms with lines or gradations of color.† â€Å"Olympia† is proof of this refusal; her body almost seems like a cardboard cut-out. Another notable difference between â€Å"Olympia† and the other nudes is her gaze. She looks out at the viewer, just like â€Å"La Grande Odalisque† and â€Å"The Nude Maja,† but where these nudes had very seductive, enjoyable gazes, Olympia’s stare is very honest and frank. She looks out at the viewer with little interest, and she has no modesty whatsoever. This small change in gaze may seem insignificant, but upon examining the various nudes, one can see that it makes a dramatic difference. Manet’s nude, with her uncaring look, has a modernized feeling to it; it clearly demonstrates how Manet got the title, â€Å"The Father of Modern Art.† Throughout the time span of the four paintings mentioned here, it is obvious that the 19th century was indeed the one most revolutionary for new thought and innovation. Ingres’ work at the beginning of that century has not quite reached that point of change, but Manet’s work in the middle of the century reflects a totally new era of change. His art helped the Victorian society to realize that the roller coaster ride into the twentieth century was to be one of exciting, liberal thought. Even today, the reclining nude is being recreated in a very fascinating way(see fig. 5). By a simple comparison of these four works, it is easy to trace the history of art from its classical stage, to the modern art it is today.

Essay Service

Essay Service Essay Service Essay Service If you are looking for some extra help online to give your writing skills a boost in the form of an essay service - then here is what you should be on the look out for. Make sure that you have accessed a premier academic writing service that offers the finest essay service for coursework and other written assignments.You need to zero in on a credible site that ensures that their essay service guarantees 100% original and well-researched papers. Essay Service Checklist Before entrusting your essay to just any site online-you need to check on their credentials. Ask yourself: Does the essay service meet the required standards of academic writing by checking on their track record? Does the essay service consists of a dedicated team of capable academic writers? How many years of experience do they have to back up their essay service? What do past customers feel about the essay service you are planning to tap? Will the essay service tailor your essay to your exact specifications-including the reading sources, the length as well as the required format? Are they backed by experience in different kinds of essays at the Bachelor, Masters and PhD levels? Glance at the Company's Features Does the essay service consist of a competent team of dedicated professionals that can write your essay from scratch? Do they have a track record for academic excellence? How has their reach expanded over the years? Are their writers qualified with a Masters or PHD under their belt or do they use the services of college students trying to make some extra pocket money? Can the essay service offer you essays that are written in fluent English with zero errors and proper grammar? How are their formatting skills? Are they equally adept at papers in MLA, APA, Chicago and other required formats? Further Points to Crosscheck On Can they teach you the ropes of creative writing and how to develop an argument to write winning essays? Is there a proper linkage between cause with effect? In other words does the essay have a logical flow? Are they equally adept at essays in the arts as well as the sciences? Are they punctual? You could just land yourself in a soup if you do not ensure that you are tapping in to the services of credible essay services to make sure you do your homework before entrusting an essay service with your assignment: Read also: Writing Editing Paper Editing Tips Help Editing Essay Editing Essay Company

How to Get Job Offers †Not Just Interviews †With Your LinkedIn Profile

How to Get Job Offers – Not Just Interviews – With Your LinkedIn Profile Is Your LinkedIn Profile Getting You Job OFFERS? Last week, I spoke with a technology executive about working with us on his LinkedIn profile and resume. Upon investigation, I discovered that he was getting interviews for positions that interested him- but not job offers. At first glance, it might seem like the problem was his interviewing skills. After all, isn’t the job of the LinkedIn profile and resume to get an interview, and after that it’s up to you? Well, that’s partially true, and it’s certainly possible that this client could use some interview coaching. But a freaky fact of human nature suggests that something else could be at play. It’s called â€Å"impression formation† or â€Å"priming,† and it’s not to be overlooked or taken lightly. Do you think that if you’re getting interviews with your LinkedIn profile and resume you don’t have to worry about whether you need to change them? You might be wrong. A study of students’ perceptions of their professors, and how these perceptions can be formed, is a case in point. Consider these excerpts that illustrate how much our preconceived notions affect our experience of another person: †¦[I]n one of the earliest studies on impression formation, Kelley (1950) found that when students were told a guest lecturer was â€Å"very warm†, the central trait produced more favorable evaluations of the instructor than when students were told the guest lecturer was â€Å"rather cold†. In a more recent replication and extension of Kelley’s experiment, Widmeyer and Loy (1988) had students evaluate a lecture presented by a visiting professor. Prior to the lecture, students received background information about the instructor; some received information suggesting that the visiting professor was warm while others were presented with information that suggested the professor was cold. Analyses revealed that students perceived the visiting professor as a more effective teacher and more pleasant to have for class when he was described as a warm rather than a cold person. †¦Those who read the syllabus written in an unfriendly tone rated the hypothetical adjunct candidate as being colder than those who read the syllabus written in a friendly tone. †¦Those who received the syllabus written in a friendly tone rated the target as being warmer than those who read the syllabus that was written in an unfriendly tone. †¦Those who read the syllabus written in a friendly tone rated the instructor as being more motivated to teach the course. Harnish, Richard J. and K. Robert Bridges, Effect of syllabus tone: students’ perceptions of instructor and course Did you read that?!! Wow. Extrapolating to interviews, if the interviewer has a preconceived notion of the candidate as warm or friendly, it’s more likely he or she will experience the candidate as warm, and even as more motivated, in the interview! Conversely, if the interviewer thinks ahead of time that the candidate will be cold, it’s unlikely that the interview itself will change this impression. Interviewers Make Unconscious Conclusions You might be thinking, â€Å"But these were students being studied. They are young and impressionable! Surely an interviewer, who has more maturity and experience, would not be swayed as much by past judgments.† I’m afraid that’s not the case. In 2008 study, Williams and Bargh staged job interviews with study participants and found that if interviewers drank hot coffee before the interview, they would perceive the candidate as warm. Iced coffee? You guessed it. Cold candidate. Interviewers’ perceptions were also influenced, disturbingly, by the comfort of their seats and the weight of their notetaking folders. There are many conclusions that can be drawn from these studies, from â€Å"Make sure you have a warm hand when you shake hands with your interviewer† to â€Å"Don’t hire candidates based on interviews since your unconscious mind is ruling the decision. Use psychological testing instead.† The conclusion I want to draw, however, is about your LinkedIn profile. And maybe your resume too. Conveying Warmth with Your LinkedIn Profile and Resume You have a huge opportunity in your LinkedIn profile and resume to prime the pump for your job interview. People respond to warmth. So look for ways to appear warm! Show some of your personality in addition to showcasing your accomplishments. Even if you’re not as warm in person as you are in your job marketing collateral, chances are you’ll be seen as warmer than someone who doesn’t communicate warmth in their LinkedIn profile and resume. Here are some examples from profiles written by The Essay Expert. Note that while we generally encourage first person for LinkedIn summaries, warmth can come through in the third person as well. Also note that your photo is a huge way to convey warmth! LeeAnn Dance: My journalism background gave me the ability to distill a large amount of material and hone in on what’s true and important. I can pinpoint the real message that needs to be conveyed, creating a human story that moves and inspires an audience. Ted Schoonmaker: Ted knows that people hire people, not resumes. Companies are not just looking for a set of qualifications that match a job description. To ensure a complete match, Ted extensively interviews both companies and candidates to find out who they are and what they are looking for – as companies and as people. Ted is most fulfilled when helping people to grow professionally. His vision and ability to nurture relationships lead to long-term solutions and success. How warm are you in your LinkedIn profile and resume? Are you priming readers to perceive you the way you want to be seen? If not, consider a rewrite. If you want assistance, please consider our LinkedIn Profile Writing Services and Resume Writing Services. We’ll make sure you look great- and warm- online and on paper. Want to do it yourself? Don’t miss the latest version of How to Write a KILLER LinkedIn Profile. The e-book is fully updated for 2018 and available now!

Aztec Civilization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Aztec Civilization - Essay Example It was the result of historical, geographic and other reasons – they made Aztec and some other civilizations achieve rather highly developed society: â€Å"In such environments arose two of the advanced societies of ancient America: the Aztec and Inca civilizations† (Keen, 1955, p.1). This article will give a short description of the Aztecs, their economy, way of life, and it will prove the thesis about the great importance of Aztec civilization for the development of the world history. 2. Hooker wrote that â€Å"The term, Aztec, is a startlingly imprecise term to describe the culture that dominated the Valley of Mexico in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries† (Hooker, 1996). They were native Americans and dominated the vast territory in northern Mexico by the time of the Spanish invasion under Hernan Cortes which took place in the beginning of the 16th century. The true origin of the Aztecs is still uncertain, but it is concerned that they lived on the territory of to the north of the Valley of Mexico, or in the Southwestern United States. They created vast empire and dominated a lot of peoples on its territory: â€Å"Fearless warriors and pragmatic builders, the Aztecs created an empire during the 15th century that was surpassed in size in the Americas only by that of the Incas in Peru† (The Aztecs/Mexicans). So, by the time of the Spanish conquest the Aztecs had high developed economy and traditional way of life which became the result of their pr ogressive development. 3. The capital of the Aztecs, Tenochtitlan, was the greatest city in Mexico, but there were also other cities in the empire. The Aztecs had rather strong class structure which determined their way of life. The highest social class was nobility, or the pilli. Originally the class system was not hereditary, but later, by the time of the Spanish, it took on hereditary aspects. The lowest social class of the Aztecs was slaves, but slaves had opportunities to become free by

Rich & Whillock v. Ashton Development Case Study

Rich & Whillock v. Ashton Development - Case Study Example In a meeting, persons at the helm of affairs of Rich & Whillock, Inc Bob Britton Inc, and the Ashton Development, Inc unanimously decided to blast the rock discovered. Clearly, the contract price of $112,990 did not include blasting costs. However the contract stated â€Å"[a]ny rock encountered will be considered an extra at current rental rates† (Rich & Whillock, Inc Vs. Ashton Development, Inc). Rich and Whillock estimated that an additional $60,000 was required to remove the rock, increasing the total contract price approximately to $172,000. Rich and Whillock informed Britton that the actual cost might be higher than the estimated cost due to the unpredictable nature of the rock. Britton agreed Rich and Whillock to pay the extra costs arising out of the rock work and directed them to go on the with the work. Rich and Whillock proceeded with the rock work and submitted invoices, and received payments at the end of every week. They prepared separate invoices for the regular contract work, and the extra rock work supported by employee time sheets. Although Whillock asked Britton if he needed any clarification regarding any of the billings by the end of April, Britton had no doubts and directed Whillock to continue with the rock work. As described by Gibbs and Hunt (2010), after receiving a total payment of $190,363.50 by 17th June, Rich & Whillock Inc submitted the final invoice amounting an additional $72,286.45. After consulting with Ashton officials, Britton refused to pay the money stating that Ashton Development, Inc was short on funds and had little money left to pay that amount (p.738). Britton had no objections about the work done until he received that final invoice. In addition, Britton had not asked for accounting of charges prior to the receipt of the final invoice. Whillock told Britton that his company would end up in closure unless that final invoice was paid, because Rich & Whillock Inc was a new company. As the project was a huge